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Has the 'standard' version been universally adopted across the Irish Republic in all state schools ?
Is the standard version taught in schools in the North ( Ulster )
yes.
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How do students cope when they go back to their respective communities and are expected to use their local dialect.
I think they keep using their dialect, more or less influenced by school Irish.
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Is the shift from school or standard irish to local dialect simple enough ?
no but I think they don't need to do it. Now for writing it's more difficult because you have less freedom in writing. If you write non-standard forms it's counted as wrong, as far as I know.
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I'm also thinking of TV and radio stations, news, current affairs, magazine programmes etc, do they broadcast in standard Irish ?
I think people more or less use their dialect if they do speak one (with some new words). But in the media, many people also aren't native speakers and don't always speak properly.